1. Các động từ theo sau là “to V” trong tiếng Anh:
Có 2 trường hợp:
– Công thức: S + V + to V: Afford, appear, ask, bear, begin, choose, decide, expect, forget, hate, hesitate, intend, like, manage, neglect, prefer, pretend, propose, regret, seem, swear, try, wish, agree, arrange, attempt, beg, care, consent, determine, fail, happend, help, hope, learn, love, mean, offer, prepare, promise, refuse, remember, start, trouble, want, would like prefer.
– Công thức: S + V + O + to V: Advise, ask, be, command, encourage, forbid, get, help, intend, leave, mean, oblige, permit,prefer, recommend, remind, tell, allow, bear, cause, compel, expect, force, hate, instruct, invite, like, need, order, persuade, press, request, teach, tempt, trouble, warn, want, wish.
2. Các động từ theo sau là “V-ing” trong tiếng Anh:
Các động từ chỉ tiến trình
– Anticipate: Tham gia
– Avoid: Tránh
– Begin: Bắt đầu
– Complete: Hoàn thành
– Delay: Trì hoãn
– Finish: kết thúc
– Get through: vượt qua
– Give up: Từ bỏ
– Postpone: Trì hoãn
– Quit: Bỏ
– Risk: Nguy hiểm
– Start: Bắt đầu
– Stop: kết thúc
– Try: cố gắng
Các động từ chỉ giao tiếp
– Admit: chấp nhận– Advise: lời khuyên
– Deny: từ chối
– Discuss: thảo luận
– Encourage: khuyến khích
– Mention: đề cập
– Recommend: giới thiệu
– Report: báo cáo
– Suggest: đề nghị
– Urge: thúc giục
Các động từ chỉ hành động, thái độ
– Continue: tiếp tục
– Can’t help : ko thể chịu được
– Practice: thực hành
– Involve : bao gồm
– Keep: giữ
– Keep on: tiếp tục
Các động từ chỉ cảm xúc, cảm giác
– Appreciate: đánh giá cao
– Dislike: ko thích
– Enjoy: thích– Hate: ghét
– Like: thích
– Love: yêu
– Mind: quan tâm
– Miss: nhớ
– Prefer: thích
– Regret: hối tiếc
– Can’t stand/can’t help/can’t bear: chịu đựng
– Resent: gửi lại
– Resist: chống cự
– Tolerate: cho phép
Các động từ chỉ tâm lý
– Anticipate: tham gia
– Consider: cân nhắc
– Forget: quên
– Imagine: tưởng tượng
– Recall: nhắc
– Remember: nhớ
– See: thấy
– Understand: hiểuNgoài ra, những cụm từ sau cũng theo sau là V-ing:
– It’s no use/It’s no good…
– There’s no point (in)…
– It’s (not) worth…
– Have difficult (in)…
– It’s a waste of time/money…
– Spend/waste time/money…
– Be/get used to…
– Be/get accustomed to…
– Do/Would you mind…?
– Be busy doing something…
– What about…? How about…?
– Go + V-ing ( go shopping, go swimming…)
3. Những động từ theo sau gồm cả “to V” và “V-ing”:
Advise, attempt, commence, begin, allow, cease, continue, dread, forget, hate, intend, leave, like, love, mean, permit, prefer, propose, regret, remember, start, study, try, can’t bear, recommend, need, want, require.
Động từ stop
Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)
Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì
Eg:
– Stop smoking: dừng hút thuốc.
– Stop to smoke: dừng lại để hút thuốc
Động từ Remember/forget/regret
Remember/forget/regret to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại – tương lai)
Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)
Eg:
– Remember to send this letter (Hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này).
– Don’t forget to buy flowers (Đừng quên mua hoa nhé).
– I regret to inform you that the train was cancelled (Tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin – cho anh rằng
chuyến tàu đã bị hủy).
– I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2. (Tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô
la rồi).
– She will never forget meeting the Queen. (Cô ấy không bao giờ quên lần gặp nữ hoàng).
– He regrets leaving school early. It is the biggest mistake in his life. (Anh ấy hối tiếc vì đã bỏ
học quá sớm).
Động từ try
Try to V: cố gắng làm gì
Try V-ing: thử làm gì
Eg:
– I try to pass the exam. (Tôi cố gắng vượt qua kỳ thi).
– You should try unlocking the door with this key. (Bạn nên thử mở cửa với chiếc khóa này).
Động từ like
Like V-ing: Thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thường thức.
Like to do: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết
Eg:
– I like watching TV.
– I want to have this job. I like to learn English.
Động từ prefer
Prefer V-ing to V-ing
Prefer + to V + rather than (V)
Eg:
– I prefer driving to traveling by train.
– I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.
Động từ Mean
Mean to V: Có ý định làm gì.
Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì.
Eg:
He doesn’t mean to prevent you from doing that. (Anh ấy không có ý ngăn cản bạn làm việc đó.)
This sign means not going into. (Biển báo này có ý nghĩa là không được đi vào trong.)
Động từ need
Need to V: cần làm gì
Need V-ing: cần được làm gì (= need to be done)
Eg:
– I need to go to school today.
– Your hair needs cutting. (= your hair needs to be cut)
Động từ used to
Used to V: đã từng/thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
Be/Get used to V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
Eg:
– I used to get up early when I was young. (Tôi thường dậy sớm khi còn trẻ)
– I’m used to getting up early. (Tôi quen với việc dậy sớm rồi)
Động từ Advise/allow/permit/recommend
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + Object + to V: khuyên/cho phép/ đề nghị ai làm gì.
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + V-ing: khuyên/cho phép, đề nghị làm gì.
Eg:
– He advised me to apply at once.
– He advised applying at once.
– They don’t allow us to park here.
– They don’t allow parking here.
Động từ See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch
See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V-ing: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói
chỉ chứng kiến 1 phần của hành động.
See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chứng
kiến toàn bộ hành động.
Eg:
– I see him passing my house everyday.
– She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.
– We saw him leave the house.
– I heard him make arrangements for his journey.
4. Bài tập vận dụng:
Exercise 1. Give the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. They are used to (prepare) ……. new lessons.
2. By (work) ……. day and night , he succeeded in ( finish) ……. the job in time.
3. His doctor advised him (give) …….up (smoke)……..
4. Please stop (talk)…….. We will stop (eat) …….lunch in ten minutes.
5. Stop (argue) …….and start (work) ……..
6. I like (think) …….carefully about things before (make) …….decision.
7. Ask him (come) …….in. Don’t keep him (stand) …….at the door.
8. Did you succeed in (solve) …….the problem?
9. Don’t forget (lock)……. the door before (go)……. to bed.
10. Don’t try (persuade) ……. me . Nothing can make me (change)……. my mind.
Exercise 2: Chia các động từ trong ngoặc sau đây thành dạng To V hoặc V-ing
1. Nam suggested …….. (talk) the children to school yesterday.
2. They decided ……… (play) tennis with us last night.
3. Mary helped me …….. (repair) this fan and ……. (clean) the house.
4. We offer …….. (make) a plan.
5. We required them …….. (be) on time.
6. Kim wouldn’t recommend him ……. (go) here alone.
7. Before …….. (go) to bed, my mother turned off the lights.
8. Minh is interested in …….. (listen) to music before ….. (go) to bed.
9. This robber admitted …… (steal) the red mobile phone last week.
10. Shyn spends a lot of money …….. (repair) her car.
11. It took me 2 hours ……. (buy) the clothes and shoes.
12. Do you have any money …….. (pay) for the hat?
13. Would you like …….. (visit) my grandparents in Paris?
14. Don’t waste her time ………..(complain) about her salary.
15. That questions need ……….. (reply).
16. Viet is used to …….. (cry) when he faces his difficulties.
17. It’s time they stopped …… (work) here.
18. Will she remember ……. (collect) his suit from the dry – cleaners or shall I do it?
19. Jim forgot …….. (send) this message last night.
20. Hung stopped …… (eat) meat yesterday.
Exercise 3: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong câu dưới (nếu có)
1. Yesterday, Minh didn’t want to coming to the theater with them because he had already seen the film.
2. My brother used to running a lot but he doesn’t do it usually now.
3. They’re going to have a small party celebrating their house at 7 p.m tomorrow.
4. Wind tried to avoiding answering her questions last night.
5. Khanh don’t forget post that letter that his mother gave him this evening.
Exercise 4: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi
1. It isn’t necessary to play football with my best friends today.
➔ You don’t …………………………………..
2. “Why don’t we visit her parents next week?”
➔ You suggested ……………………………….
3. Thanh spends 3 hours a day doing the homework.
➔ It takes …
➔ Thanh wastes …
4. Hanh said to him: “Remember to close all the window and turn off the lights before going out”.
➔ Hanh reminded ……………………………………..
5. Linh told him: “Don’t forget to repair my bicycle”.
➔ Linh told him ………………………………
Exercise 5. Choose the correct answer.
1. I do not have enough money ……… this book.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. bought
2. It is no use ……… to school if you ……… to work hard.
A. going / do not ready
B. to go / do not ready
C. going / are not ready
D. go / are not ready
3. They spent all day ……… and ……… on the beach.
A. to swim / sunbathing
B. to swim / to sunbathe
C. swimming / to sunbathe
D. swimming / sunbathing
4. We were made ……… all the cleaning in the house.
A. to do
B. do
C. doing
D. done
5. We regret ……… you that you have exceeded your overdraft facility.
A. to inform
B. informing
C. to tell to
D. telling
6. Why don’t you try ……… the key anti-clockwise?
A. to turn
B. on turning
C. turning
D. turn
7. We don’t allow ……… in the classrooms.
A. that students smoke
B. smoke
C. students to smoke
D. to smoking
8. I really must ……… on with my work now.
A. to get
B. getting
C. get
D. to getting
9. Why don’t you do what you’re told, instead of ……… such a song and dance about it?
A. to make
B. making
C. made
D. make
10. I rashly posted the parcel without ……… it.
A. weighing
B. weigh
C. weighed
D. to weigh
11. Can you please ……… me a little about yourself?
A. to tell
B. telling
C. tell
D. going to tell
12. How can you waste all that money on ………?
A. gamble
B. to gamble
C. gambling
D. the gamble
13. “My watch is broken. ” “Why don’t you ………”
A. have it repair
B. have it repairing
C. have it for repair
D. have it repaired
14. Yesterday we did nothing but ………
A. talking
B. talked
C. talk
D. had talked
15. Instead of ……… a new car, she’ll have her old one ……….
A. to buy / repaired
B. buying / to repair
C. buying / be repaired
D. buying / repaired
16. I tried ……… the bus, but I missed it.
A. catching
B. to catch
C. catch
D. catch up
17. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money ……. you. Why don’t you try ……… Peter?
A. to lend / to ask
B. lending / asking
C. to lend / asking
D. lending / to ask
18. After ……… asleep, I saw a strange person at the foot of the bed.
A. fall
B. falling
C. fell
D. fallen
19. After all this time, John should take the bull by the horns and ask Mary ……… him.
A. to marry
B. marry
C. marrying
D. married
20. He told me ……… early.
A. to try to come
B. to try coming
C. try to come
D. try coming
